ANALYSIS OF WAYS TO PROVIDE FIRE PROTECTION FOR HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS

Abstract

Rapid urban development in conditions of land resource shortage, improvement of construction technologies involving the use of new substances and materials, encourages developers to erect buildings that occupy a small land plot, but are significant in terms of living space and area for other purposes. The structural and architectural features of high-rise buildings impose high requirements for ensuring fire protection of people and property. The legislation of Ukraine regulates a number of measures aimed at ensuring fire protection of high-rise buildings, which in many cases are leveled by the human factor for various reasons. Various approaches and methods are used to ensure fire protection of high-rise buildings, including the installation of automatic fire alarm systems, automatic fire extinguishing systems, ensuring the proper operation of electrical equipment and existing fire protection systems, increasing the efficiency of evacuation measures, as well as using the latest innovative achievements of science and technology, introducing technologies such as video analytics, artificial intelligence, etc. for quick and accurate fire detection, which can have a qualitative impact on the fire protection of these facilities. This article analyzes the ways to ensure fire protection of high-rise buildings, which are used in Ukraine and abroad, in order to further improve them and provide recommendations for increasing the efficiency of fire detection and extinguishing. To study the fire safety of high-rise buildings, an analysis of the requirements of regulatory documents was used, as well as literary sources on new approaches to improving the fire protection of these buildings, in order to find optimal, appropriate methods of fire protection. To achieve the goal, in addition to the use of addressable fire extinguishing systems and sprinkler water fire extinguishing systems, which protect high-rise buildings, it is necessary to conduct a number of studies in order to determine the dependence of the locations of fire extinguishing elements on the speed of fire detection and the probability of the influence of external factors on false alarms. The consequences of fires that have occurred in high-rise buildings indicate the need to conduct research in the direction of building more effective mechanisms for protecting these buildings from fires. The creation of such mechanisms lies in the use of modern innovative equipment in combination with intelligent systems for receiving, processing and transmitting information.